The United States Government Essay example - 4100 Words

U.S. Government (History) The United States Government A collection of short reports all dealing with the United States Government. William Jefferson Clinton William Jefferson Clinton was born on August 19, 1946, in Hope, Arkansas. His father, William J. Blythe III was killed in an automobile collision just two months before William’s birth. At age four, William Jefferson Blythe IV was legally adopted by his mothers second husband, Roger Clinton, making him William Jefferson Clinton. At age 22 William received a Bachelor’s degree from Georgetown University. Just five years later, he received his law degree from Yale. Soon after graduating from Yale, he became a law professor at the University of Arkansas. He did not stay†¦show more content†¦Despite the seemingly insurmountable odds, Clinton won the election, with 46% of voting Americans supporting him. Antonin Scalia, Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia was born March 11, 1936 in an Italian majority section of Trenton, New Jersey. His father, Eugene Scalia was a literary scholar and a professor of Romance Languages at Brooklyn College. His mother was an elementary school teacher. Scalia attended Xavier High School, a Catholic Military academy. He graduated, first in his class, in 1953. One of his good friends once said: â€Å"He was brilliant, way above everybody else.† He later majored in History at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., where he again graduated first in his class. Soon after leaving Georgetown, he enrolled in Harvard Law School, where he was known around the campus as an effective debater. From Harvard he earned an LL. B. Degree and in 1960 joined the Cleveland based law firm Jones, Day, Cockly and Reavis. He was one of the most straightforward conservatives on the staff and there too earned a reputation as a debater. Later, President Richard Nixon appointed Scalia to the position of Part-time General Counsel in Executive Office of Telecom Policy. He was confirmed by Congress under the Gerald Ford administration for the position of Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Justice Department’s office of legal counsel. At that time his job was mostly to give advice to the President and theShow MoreRelatedThe Government Of The United States Government Essay910 Words   |  4 PagesMadison Cissell MSU 176 Symposium Primary: United States Government Secondary: Tourism The United States government is the federal government of the America’s fifty states, as well as one capital district, and several other territories. The federal government is composed of three distinct branches: legislative, executive, and judicial, whose powers are settled by the U.S. Constitution in Congress, our President, and the federal courts (including the Supreme Court). The powers of these branches areRead MoreUnited States Government And The Government3865 Words   |  16 Pages United States government is established by the constitution. United States is a federal republic country. The government consists of a federal power led by the president. There are state governments to assist in the decision makings by the federal government. United States federal government is divided into three different branches. The constitution allows a separation of power among the government. Legislative branch creates laws. They also have the ability to declare war on other countriesRead MoreGovernment And The United States Government1869 Words   |  8 PagesGovernment has been a necessity for man for as long as recorded history, and this is because mankind cannot effectively regulate themselves. In the words of James Madison and Alexander Hamilton, â€Å"If men were angels, no government would be necessary† (51). That is not the case in today s society, nor will it ever be under those circumstances. Since government is vital to the success of the country as a whole, what way, size, or fashion would be the most efficient and beneficial to the people? TheRead MoreThe United States Federal Government942 Words   |  4 PagesThe United States federal government should limit the influx of refugees into the United States. Currently, three different entities oversee the United States Refugee Admissions Program. These entities are the Bureau of Population, Refugees, a nd Migration, which falls under the Department of State, The Office of Refugee Resettlement, which is headed up by the Department of Health and Human Services, and select offices within the Department of Homeland Security. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration ServicesRead MoreFederal Government And The United States1498 Words   |  6 Pages Federal Government The United States of America government is called the federal government and is the republic of the fifty states which constitute the United States. It also constitutes the capital districts and several other territories. Now the government is made up of three different branches and they are the Executive, Legislature, and the Judicial. Those powers are all vested by the US constitution which is in the congress, the president, and also the federal court that also includesRead MoreThe Government Authority Of The United States1558 Words   |  7 PagesWhen one looks at federalism throughout the United States, do most think that it is still relevant to this day? Some think that it has remained consistent since the passing of the Constitution. But some people in today’s society think that the government authority that is supposed to be shared between the national and local governments is starting to be overpowered by federal law and local and state governments are not getting t he rights promised to them years ago when the Constitution was passedRead MoreThe Net Government Of The United States1300 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction In the book The Net Government of the United States by Donald F. Kettl is an inspiring and at times radical look at our government and its day to day attributes to our society. The ways in which the government operates and the agencies it employs are examined through and through. The author makes many arguments for their failures and against the system itself. This all leads to an opinion and analysis of a way to fix the system. The power of the government to make decisions should be purelyRead MoreThe National Government Of The United States1445 Words   |  6 PagesThe National Government of the United States of America consists of three branches. These branches of government, which include the legislative branch, the executive branch, and the judicial branch, separate the government s power into a form of checks and balances. The system of checks and balances has been set in place to allow the three branches to limit the power of the other branches, this way, no branch is more po werful than the others. Each of these three branches of government will be furtherRead MoreThe United States Federal Government1162 Words   |  5 Pagesis the reason why elections entitle an ordinary resident; it allows people to influence the future policies of the government, and people’s future. The United States relies on a complex system of government, where the national government is central but state and local governments utilize control over affairs that are not meant for the federal government. State and local governments have varying degrees of independence in how the organize elections within their jurisdiction, but they hold frequentRead MoreThe United States And The Federal Government1057 Words   |  5 Pagesemploying over one hundred and fifty eight million in the year 2011 were in the workforce based on the United States, Bureau of Labor Statistics a federal agencies reporting to the Office of Personal Management, known as the federal government. The federal government is a perfect snapshot of how four different generations collaborate and work together, supporting and running our federal government. I think about 911 quite often; my company lost eleven victims was in the office at the World Trade

The Effects of Symbols In Tobias Wolffs Say Yes Essay

The Effects of Symbols In Tobias Wolffs Say Yes The author of the short story Say Yes, Tobias Wolff, uses a number of symbols to express his different views on racism throughout the story. Wolff uses this literary device to express a message to his readers. Symbols, something representing something else by association resemblance or convention, are used efficiently in this short story. Wolff uses colors to symbolize a hatred for an alternative race in this short story. The husband more than once makes reference to dark colors which shows the reader that the husband sees this world in black and white. The husband sees the world as good vs. evil, white vs. black society. Furthermore, the reference to color in the†¦show more content†¦Wolff again indirectly shows the husbands feelings towards African-Americans through symbolism. This symbol contributes to Wolff?s message or theme showing the husband?s strong dislike for African Americans. After the author uses this symbolization of a ?flat gray?, the wife ?plunged her hands under the surface? (Wolff 518) and cut her finger on the silverware. She then cries out as her thumb bleeds from the cut. The husband immediately rushes to her need. He acted in concern for her and hoped she appreciated how quick he rushed to her aid. The cut she had from the silverware symbolizes the hurt on the inside. The pain from inside was symbolizing the pain on the inside. Her husband?s inconsiderate feelings for alternate races made her feel like she didn?t know him as well as she thought she did. Wolff used symbolization very effectively by comparing the pain on the outside to the pain on the inside. Wolff?s decision to put in this description of dirty water was not because Wolff hates washing dishes. Wolff put that in there to show a deeper meaning to it. Wolff is trying to show the husband?s views on the topic being discussed indirectly. Wolff shows a deeper meaning when the husband is continuing to wash the dishes. He is spraying the silverware and ?darkened to pale blue? (Wolff 518). This shows again the husband?s reference to colors. This happened right after the wife asked if he would marry her if she were black. Wolff added this symbolismShow MoreRelatedSay Yes Essay648 Words   |  3 PagesThe Effects of Symbols On Say Yes The author of the short story Say Yes, Tobias Wolff, uses a number of symbols to express his different views on racism throughout the story. Wolff uses this literary device to express a message to his readers. Symbols, something representing something else by association resemblance or convention, are used efficiently in this short story. Wolff uses colors to symbolize a hatred for an alternative race in this short story. The husband more than once

Are Ceos Overpaid free essay sample

â€Å"The answer to the question of whether American CEOs are overpaid is clearly yes; for those who earn large bonuses and generous stock options when their companies are doing badly, either absolutely or relative to competitors. As mentioned in an article written by Gary Beckner and Richard Posner. This research paper will discuss in details the facts that have been research as to why CEOs are being overpaid. It will discuss the pros and cons of the CEOs salary and compensation and how employees should share part of the profits accordingly. In the business world of today, ones pay should reflect the amount of work he or she has done. This rule should apply to all individuals in the workforce including CEOs. However, it is well recognized that there have been doubts on whether some high placed CEOs are being overpaid. A Chief Executive Officer is not supposed to obtain an unusually high salary if his or her company were to file for bankruptcy. We will write a custom essay sample on Are Ceos Overpaid? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page According to an online article written by Michael Winter, the Financial Times newspaper stated that CEOs themselves claim that they are being overpaid. He also states that, The issue is particularly sensitive because the gap between rich and poor in America has reached its widest point in more than 60 years. These results came from a survey that was conducted on the major U. S. business leaders. There has to be a boundary because it is morally and financially incorrect for any corporation or company to continue to operate in such a fashion. These unfair procedures sometimes lead to economic instability or employee strikes. Top CEOs are partly responsible for the welfare of the nations economy. If these CEOs lead their companies to financial distress, then their shareholders will have to suffer due to the loss of money they have invested. According to F. John Reh ( a writer on About. com), In the 1980s CEOs of large companies made about 42 times what the average employee would make in an hour. He also states that in the year 2000 their salaries escalated to a startling 531 times what the average employee made hourly. It is quite reasonable to suppose that CEOs would understand the value of the Dollar considering the fact that they might have had to work their way up to their current position in the company. It is sad to see our financial leaders reaping the benefits of other peoples hard work. The world population is dramatically increasing and so is the value of money. It is essential for companies to start realizing that corporate competition is intensifying and that everyone should work for every dollar they make. Economic equality has to be established for the benefit of the society as a whole. Many CEOs do not earn their money. Some CEOs believe that the value of their company is due to their own talent, and that they should not be appreciated. Down through the years, executives have tried to use the financial success of their company as the base of their compensation. The CEOs compensation package has nothing to do with his/her future performance and the CEO may not make that much of a difference on whether the company is a success or failure. At this point in time, many companies are facing bankruptcy and other companies are losing thousands of dollars on a daily basis. With this said, it is not fair for CEOs to get paid what they use to when the company was standing strong and wealthy. Unless the CEO is actually taking actions to thrive the company to success, they should not receive a large salary. The companies profit should be divided and contribute to the CEOs and/or employees who are help, care and give a lot the company.

life Essays (295 words) - Wisdom, Memories, Mirror,

After years of guesting and trying to decide on what path I will take. Time passed and children have grown and gone. I began to realize I was alway on that path I needed to take. Life is short and I can spend it to ways happy or unhappy, but know matter which path I take I would continue to grow old and making no decision is infact making a decision. The path I decided to take is the path to be happy each and every moment of everyday. There are no answers for some questions and there are no fixing something, so I learn to except things as they are and change those things that can be changed. Sometime I see things don't need changing they may need adding to or left alone. My happy path is that which no matter what I'm older than I was and that path I can not change. I accept that will stay the way it is. In growing older I realize that a change take place with me each day. The other change is that I'm wiser. Becoming wiser is a good thing, but the other change is I'm weaker. It's like no matter what choses you make there is a path already chosen for me. I guest I began to realize that the path was already laid as I got older and became wiser. There should be a question answered before you get to old and wisdom answers it for you. When the years have set in on all the parts of your body, you look in the mirror and the youthful look is gone and all you have are the memories and the choses you made and the path you taken after making those choses.

The Emotional and Social Intelligences of Effective Leadership

Critical Learning Points The article by Ronald E. Riggio and Rebecca J. Reichard (2008) offers an analysis of the social and emotional skills that should be developed by a leader. A number of their ideas appeared to be especially appealing to me.  Since leadership presupposes working with people, the importance of social skills cannot be denied. The classification suggested in the article presupposes singling out social and emotional expressiveness, sensitivity and control.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on The Emotional and Social Intelligences of Effective Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More While the importance of the separate skills has been outlined in the article, it is also implied that all of them are interconnected and interrelated. The complex of these skills should be developed, and the authors of the article suggest that assessment and reflection can help a leader in this process. I t appears to me that controlling one’s emotions is especially important both for the leaders’ images and the success of their managerial activities. At the same time, being emotionally expressive, as the article emphasizes, is necessary for a charismatic leader. It helps one to motivate and inspire employees and facilitates the relationship building process. The effective means of expressing disapproval are of great interest to me. I realize that criticism is necessary both for the business and the employees since a leader should encourage their development. At the same time, I understand that irritability or anger would in most cases be counterproductive and may damage the relationship between myself and an employee as suggested by the authors of the article. Therefore, in the process of reprimanding both the emotional expressiveness and control are needed along with emotional sensitivity as the reaction of the employee needs to be assessed and taken into account.   Apart from that, the article emphasizes the significance of effective listening, which also corresponds to my personal views. The research in the article proves that being emotionally and socially sensitive facilitates the creation of a healthy trust- and respect-based relationship with the employees. Finally, it is noteworthy that social expressiveness and control are important for a leader’s image and, subsequently, career advancement. All of this proves that the development of the mentioned social skills is crucial for me as a leader. Applying the Insights to the Future Career Being most interested in human-oriented leadership, I have been paying particular attention to the part of the text devoted to the development of the leader’s relationships with the followers. I have come to the conclusion that by developing my social skills I will be able to build better relationships with my employees.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let' s see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In my opinion, the development of social skills in many ways depends on self-improvement, self-reporting, and reflexion. Self-reporting has been suggested by the authors of the article as a way of social skills assessment and their subsequent improvement. I realize that this method may be partially ineffective and should not become the only way of assessment of one’s actions. Still, in my opinion, it facilitates the process of developing a control over one’s emotions and especially their expression, and I intend to utilize it in future. Thought-Provoking Questions 1) I would like to discuss the effective means of expressing disapproval to the employees. 2) The article points out the importance effective listening and the difficulties of operationally defining it (Riggio Reichard, 2008, p. 178). I would like my peers to express their ideas concerning this term and integrate them in a relati vely consistent description. Reference Riggio, R., Reichard, R. (2008). The Emotional and Social Intelligences of Effective Leadership. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23(2), 169-185. doi:10.1108/02683940810850808 This critical writing on The Emotional and Social Intelligences of Effective Leadership was written and submitted by user Nola West to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Why Levitt’s Analysis is Awry Essays

Why Levitt’s Analysis is Awry Essays Why Levitt’s Analysis is Awry Essay Why Levitt’s Analysis is Awry Essay In chapter 3 of Freakonomics by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner, Levitt demonstrates how false predictions are often led by conventional wisdom and why drug dealers still live with their moms. I agree with the author that conventional wisdom is often wrong or plainly insufficient to answer many important questions.   Crime did not keep on soaring in the 1990s, money alone does not help politicians win elections, and drinking eight glasses of water a day has never actually been shown to do a thing for one’s health.   Conventional wisdom is often shoddily formed and devilishly difficult to see through as it is associated closely with confusion of association and causation and also fallacy of composition.   While it is true that a healthy person may drink eight glasses of water each day, it does not necessarily mean that drinking eight glasses of water a day is good for one’s health.   Association and causation are entirely different.   Just like smoking cigarettes does not necessarily cause cancer – simply because two events are associated (in time, for example), it does not necessarily follow that one is the cause and the other is the effect.à ‚   People often confuse association and causation become it is convenient to assume that the apparent, easy answers are the correct ones.   The erroneous view that what is good or true for the individual is necessarily good or true for the group is another example of conventional wisdom that cannot be explained by reality in all its manifestations.   All the same, it is very convenient for people to just accept conventional wisdom, especially while the media and advertisement are also enforcing it.   This is one of the reasons why most people in the world do not turn into scientists. Indeed, it is possible to analyze the truth or untruth of conventional wisdom by asking the right questions.   There even exists a basic procedure that is used in many scientific works to avoid conventional wisdom in building and testing theories.   The procedure follows a set of guidelines.   First, the researcher decides what it is that he or she wants to explain or predict.   Second, the researcher identifies the variables that he or she believes are important to what he or she would like to explain or predict.   Third, the assumptions of the theory must be stated.   Fourth, the hypothesis must be stated.   Fifth, the theory must be tested by comparing its predictions against real-world events.   Sixth, it is recognized that if the evidence supports the theory, no further action is necessary, although it is a good idea to continue to examine the theory closely.   Seventh, if the evidence rejects the theory, the researcher must either formulate a new theory or ame nd the old theory in terms of its variables, assumptions, and hypothesis.   As an example, a researcher may have predicted that the housing market would experience a boom in the coming years.   If this does not happen, he or she is required to change the old theory or create a new one altogether.   But it if happens, the researcher would be required to continue monitoring the conditions of the market to actually prove his or her hypothesis.   The fact that the housing market actually experiences a boom does not necessarily imply that the boom will create economic growth or not turn into a slump soon enough, thereby invalidating all growth processes expected for the boom period, and which had supported the boom theory of the researcher. Bearing in mind the various stages of scientific analysis, I disagree that the drug dealers still live with their moms – as Levitt proves in chapter 3 – because they have incentives other than making profits that compel them to work at lower than the minimum wage for such a high risk job.   I believe that the main motivation for countless people who are willing to do such risky jobs is high profits for sure.   Considering the costs and benefits, as Levitt demonstrated in chapter 3; the marginal benefits for the foot soldiers to sell drugs are much smaller than the marginal costs, if indeed the income of drug dealers is very low while drug dealing is a very high risk job.   There seems to be no incentive for the foot soldiers to perform a high risk job for low incomes.   Only those who are drug addicts already may accept the job because of their poor mental condition as well as the fact that they need the drugs to keeping entering their bodily systems.   Moreov er, the marginal costs continue to increase as the longer they sell drugs on the street the more chances there are for them to get caught or shot.   Marginal benefits, on the other hand, continue to decrease.   Seeing that the marginal benefits will never equal the marginal costs, there is definitely no efficiency in drug dealing.   If Levitt is correct to state that the drug dealers are working at lower than minimum wage, then no one would want to sell drugs as human beings are rational but selfish, and risk- and effort- averse. It is important to consider the four meaningful factors that determine a wage – which Levitt uses to explain why the typical prostitute earns more than the typical architect.   The factors help explain why the typical drug dealer actually earns a high wage.   Just as little girls do not typically grow up dreaming of becoming prostitutes, individuals cannot be expected to grow up dreaming of becoming drug dealers and ending up being imprisoned or killed.   The skills of the drug dealers, while not necessarily specialized, are practiced in a very specialized context.   The job is unpleasant because of the high chances faced by the drug dealers of being imprisoned and getting killed.   Yet, the demand for service that the job fulfills is extremely large.   The office of national drug control policy has estimated that Americans spent $140 billion on illegal drugs in 1990 and about 1 in 15 Americans aged 12 and over currently uses drugs.   The estimates for worldwide drug use may also be considered to get a clearer picture of the demand situation for drugs.   After all, drug supply around the world is part of a global business with innumerable links. The incentives for the street drug dealers that Levitt demonstrated in chapter 3 do not apply to the majority of drug dealers in the United States.   The examples of drug dealers that he used are only the poor black people who have grown up in a housing project on Chicago’s south side.   To them the path to a decent legitimate job was practically invisible and crack dealing was a glamour profession.   If the same sampling bias is used on the prostitutes, they would be impossibly earning more than the architect.   Just as the typical prostitute earns more than the typical architect, the typical drug dealer earns more than most people sitting behind office desks.   Many teenage drug dealers have managed to earn well enough to be able to afford private art schools and nice cars.   Furthermore, many of the drug dealers are able to lead lives of luxury.   It is the type of neighborhood that they sell drugs in that makes the biggest difference in their lifestyles.   In other words, it is the business environment and the income of the consumers in their immediate market that actually determines whether drug dealers would live with their moms or in their personal mansions.   After all, the drug dealer who sells drugs to the rock stars and movie stars in Hollywood is not expected to live with his or her mom, while the drug dealer who deals in the tenderloin in San Francisco probably would. Levitt also compared the crack dealing business with the entertainment business in the sense that a lot of people are competing for a very few prizes in these businesses.   Criminals, like everyone else, would like to believe that maybe one day they would become the leaders of the crack cocaine dealing business and afford to lead lives of luxury.   This coincides with my belief that the monetary factor is what actually drives the drug dealers.   Levitt explained that crack dealing is similar to the glamour professions, whether they concern the movies or sports, although there is a different dynamic at play.   Swarms of bright young people throw themselves at grunt jobs that pay poorly and demand unstinting devotion as they all have to play the same game viewed as a tournament.   In the entertainment industry, like all other highly competitive industries, the workers at the bottom are poorly paid.   At the same time, however, people are usually willing to work long and har d so that they can move up and eventually get paid more.   The high-school quarterback, infamous actors and actresses, as well as musicians and designers may earn lower than the minimum wage before hitting big.   Thus, before the drug dealer or the entertainer is made famous, he or she must be poorly paid. Drug dealing is the opposite of many competitive industries in a variety of ways, despite the fact that it shares important business principles with them, e.g. the quest to maximize profits.   There is no dearth of jobs in the drug business, as the demand is extremely huge.   Additionally, there is very high risk attached to the job, while the job itself does not make the drug dealers proud.   Needless to say, people are not expected to be attracted to drug dealing as a job unless they are drug addicts who do not mind the risks.   Hence, it is important to consider the labor supply of the market for drugs.   As the demand is extremely large and inelastic because cocaine and crack are very addictive, the prices of the drugs are higher then the equilibrium price.   Levitt mentioned that cocaine is, indeed, very expensive.   It is but commonsense that the selling of cocaine must yield high profits.   Indeed, this is the very incentive for which the labor supply increases . This is also the strong incentive that causes the drug business to expand.   After all, the drug business is virtually uncontrollable and constantly expanding throughout the world.   Oscar Danilo Blandon helped to establish a link between Colombian cocaine cartels and inner-city crack merchants.   According to his explanation, the supply curve shifted outwards as the price of relevant resources decreased because there was no middle man.   Thus, the invention of crack as the invention of a new technology resulted in increased supply.   The drug dealers around the globe are making bigger profits than the technology experts perhaps.   People continue to be more driven to sell drugs. Drugs dealers do, indeed, make a lot of money. They still live with their moms because the nature of this business involves high risks.   Thus, it is very unstable.   Because of the high chances of getting caught or shot for drug dealing, many dealers quit before they have made enough money to support themselves for the rest of their lives.   Even so, there are drug dealers in America who make a huge amount of money selling to the rich and famous.   Indeed, the income of a drug dealer is dependent on the socioeconomic status of his or her customers.   The business is unregulated in most parts of the world, so therefore its prices are unregulated.   Moreover, the expanding drug business around the world proves that drug dealing must be highly profitable for numberless people.   The drug business must also have its role to play in global economic growth.   If it is underground, it does not necessarily mean that the business does not help the economy grow.   Thus, conv entional wisdom must always be questioned for the researchers to find the best possible answers to our burning questions.   Settling for less, that is, inappropriate albeit simplistic answers, is not sufficient for the level of intelligence that is conducive to high economic growth.

Week 6 Team Part Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week 6 Team Part - Essay Example An alternative solution the company may pursue in order to increase its revenues is to expand internationally. The expansion can occur in different ways. The simplest solution that requires the least amount of resources is exporting. The main product the company sales, batteries, are a homogenous product which is needed by everyone around the world. The world’s population is 6.6 billion. The combined population of America and Germany is 393 million. This data means that Larson Inc. has only been able to penetrate 6% of the marketplace. The firm may experience some economic growth if the domestic economies of Germany and the United States improve. Batteries are needed to power all electrical devices. One of the largest industries in the world is the cellular phone industry. In 2010 there is an estimated 4.7 billion cellular phone users worldwide (Plunkett Research, 2010). These phones need batteries to be powered up. There are also thousands of other types of products that util ize batteries. The extra money the company generates during an expansion can be used to develop new products or services. A second economic option for Larson Inc. is to encounter a decrease in its revenues. When a country has negative growth domestic product for two consecutive quarters it enters into a recession. During a recession a business such as Larson may experience a decline in its overall sales numbers. A strategic approach utilized by managers during a recession is to implement cost cutting initiatives. Layoffs in personnel are a short term cost cutting solution that many companies use to decrease its expenses. Investing money in more efficient equipment can lower the cost of producing goods. Typically during bad economic times managers are hesitant to invest money in capital goods. Outsourcing contracts can help companies lower its cost per unit. Workers in countries like China earn less than a tenth of what American workers make. The third economic